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Landfills
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A place to explore and learn, where science and reality collide in an explosion of research-based education.

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Landfills

Landfills are created by digging holes in the ground and lining them with plastic waterproof liners (HDPE). The plastic liners prevent trash juice (leachate) from seeping into the surrounding soil and groundwater.

Landfills are a result of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and are regulated under RCRA Subtitle D (solid waste) and Subtitle C (hazardous waste) or under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA).

As of 2022, there are over 2,600 landfills across the U.S.A. that handle municipal solid waste.

Landfills: How Do They Work?

Landfills across the world are unique in design and size but use similar methods and technologies. In this article, you will learn how they are built and work.

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Organic Materials in Landfills

Although composting has increased in popularity, organic material still ends up in landfills. Here we'll discuss the serious repercussions of this practice.

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Landfill Categories

Learn the different landfill categories in the United States and how they are regulated.

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2 minute read
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Health and Safety of Landfills

There are a number of safety hazards that come with building and operating landfills. Here we'll explore a few of those.

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  • Definition: A technique for removing dissolved gas from a liquid or paste ↩

  • Definition: Preconsumer recyclate material doesn’t leave the industrial process. This is material that is left over during the production process. Pre-consumer recyclate is considered primary mechanical recycling because it is typically clean and does not require multiple cleansing steps. ↩

  • Definition: Postconsumer recyclate is material that has been used by consumers and is recycled. Post-consumer recyclate is considered secondary mechanical recycling because it requires further steps to clean and sanitize the recycled products. ↩

  • Definition: recycled material ↩

  • Definition: corrugated cardboard boxes. Corrugated refers to boxes with three separate layers of paper, two liners, and a corrugated (wavy) layer between them. Brown paper bags are commonly accepted with OCC for recycling. ↩

  • Definition: a collection method in which waste generators are required to source separate recyclables in to two (or more) separate bins (generally, paper fibers are placed in one bin and all other containers (plastics, aluminum, etc.) are placed in other bins). Multi-stream collection vehicles (that have separate compartments for each bin) then collect and transport recyclables to a multi-stream MRF that is specially configured to sort and process source separated recyclables. ↩

  • Definition: a system in which a household (or waste generator) places recyclables in a single commingled container. This material is then collected together in specially configured recycling trucks, and transported to a single stream MRF. ↩

  • Definition: capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms. There is no time limit that defines a material as biodegradable. ↩

  • Definition: make organic waste into compost. ↩

  • Chemical fertilizers are fossil fuel intensive; using compost effectively reduces the reliance on fossil fuels and saves money for farmers and gardeners. ↩

  • Chemical fertilizers are fossil fuel intensive; using compost effectively reduces the reliance on fossil fuels and saves money for farmers and gardeners. ↩

  • Definition: Occurring, or existing in the absence of oxygen ↩

  • Definition: Occuring with oxygen ↩

  • Definition: to supply with air ↩

  • Brown organic material contains large amounts of carbon but little nitrogen. Brown material includes dry leaves, wood chips, and branches. ↩

  • Green organic material contains large amounts of nitrogen. This includes grass clippings, food scraps, and manure. ↩